CRACK IN BISQUE: An obvious line or chip in an antique bisque head that can be seen with the naked eye. Chips often appear near the base of a bisque socket head that fits on top of a composition body. Lift the head slightly to see if such chips exist. FIRING LINE: A very fine crack that appears on an antique bisque head that occurred during the initial baking or firing of the bisque doll. Generally such cracks are filled with color that seeped in during that initial firing. Considered more stable than later developing hairlines. Considered minor imperfections when found in non-obvious areas of the antique bisque head. If such factory defects are not detracting, they have little effect on the value of the antique doll. HAIRLINE/HAIRLINE CRACK: A very fine crack that appears on an antique bisque head after initial manufacture. Often these hairlines are so fine they cannot be seen with the naked eye. They can be seen by using either a strong magnifying glass on the outside of the head or by placing the doll's open head (without pate and wig) under a bright light source. Hairline cracks will show as fine threads or hairs running through the bisque. An antique doll head with a hairline is worth less than one without any hairlines. A hairline on the face devalues an antique doll more than a hairline on the back of the head. PEPPER MARKS: Higher valued antique bisque dolls have smooth, clear bisque. Pepper marks are tiny black specks indicating there was dirt contamination when the antique bisque head was made. Porcelain factories made many dolls with small manufacturing defects that don't devalue dolls. Perfect bisque heads are a rarity. Light speckling or pepper marks in inconspicuous places is considered a minor defect. RUBS: Places on the antique bisque head where the original color has rubbed/come off. Often the area appears white in color. If the rub appears in an inconspicuous area, it has little affect on the value of the doll. SHOULDER HEAD: An antique doll's bisque head and shoulder are all one-piece. SHOULDER PLATE: The actual shoulder portion of a bisque head. Sometimes it is molded into one piece with the head and sometimes it is separate with the head rotating in a socket on the shoulder plate (Swivel Head) SOCKET HEAD: A bisque head with an extending neck that fits into an opening in a bisque shoulder plate or composition body. TURNED SHOULDER HEAD: Head and shoulders are one piece, but the head is molded at an angle and the doll does not look straight ahead. WIG PULL:Often with antique dolls, previous owners glued the doll's wig to the top of the antique bisque at the upper crown. When someone later removes the wig, by pulling it off instead of using a proper glue dissolving agent, some of the bisque's outer paint layer will be removed with the wig. This will leave areas of white exposed bisque, generally near the crown. Generally, such areas are hidden when the wig is replaced.